PAPELES DEL PSICÓLOGO Vol. 43-1 Enero - Abril 2022

A r t i c l e s 74 nterpersonal partner violence (IPV) involves situations in which an intimate partner behaves physically, sexually, and psychologically violent against a current or former partner (Breiding et al., 2015). In physical abuse, perpetrators use objects or their bodies to hurt another person intentionally, producing minor injuries to death. Coercion is another type of abuse, in which perpetrators force their partners to involve in behaviors they do not want to. Some forms of sexual violence involve coerciveness in which perpetrators force their partners to engage in sexual acts they do not agree with. Unauthorized physical touch and penetration are also well-known forms of sexual violence. Psychological abuse is a frequent and underreported type of abuse that includes verbal (i.e, blame, threat, insult) and non-verbal (i.e., ignore, neglect) aggressions as well as stalking. As a result, perpetrators get control over the emotions, finances, and behaviors of their partners. One out of three women between 15 and 49-years old have experienced some form of interpersonal partner violence (IPV) at least once in their lives in the American continent (Bott et al., 2019). Between 2003 and 2017 an average of 175.864 cases reported sexual, physical, or both types of abuse in Latin America (Bott et al., 2019). The severity of violent acts perpetrated against women in this region varies among countries. In Perú is reported the highest rate of violence against women (25.5%) while Haiti statistics are the lowest (7.4%; Bott et al., 2019). In general, the prevalence of moderate violent acts (i.e., being slapped, pushed, shoved) in Latino countries ranged between 14.9% and 37.9% (Jaitman et al., 2017). Global costs associated with IPV are higher every year. While Global Gross Domestic Product (GDP) to compensate IPV effects is 0,05%, Latin American countries have higher costs, reaching an average of 0,09% (Fearon & Hoeffler, 2014). Particularly, Colombia GPB costs are around 4,22% (Ribero & Sánchez, 2005), Chile 2%, and Nicaragua 1,6% (Morrison & Biehl, 1999). Using functional analytic psychotherapy strategies for supporting Latinas victims of interpersonal partner violence Amanda M. Muñoz-Martínez 1 and Renzo Aguilar-Cacho 2 1 Universidad de los Andes, Colombia. 2 Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Perú. Instituto Peruano de Psicología y Ciencia Contextual -VALUES, Perú La violencia de pareja (IPV, por sus siglas en inglés) es un problema de salud pública mundial que genera altas tasas de discapacidades físicas y conductuales. Los comportamientos para buscar ayuda son claves para brindar soporte en el afrontamiento y el manejo de la violencia de género. El machismo, marianismo y familismo son prácticas culturales relacionadas con conductas de guardar silencio y permanecer en una relación abusiva en mujeres latinas. Asimismo, las dificultades para compartir emociones, establecer límites interpersonales y comunicar necesidades también son barreras para buscar ayuda. Estos factores están asociados a la desconexión social que reduce las posibilidades de que las víctimas sean apoyadas en situaciones de riesgo. Aunque se han desarrollado diversos programas psicológicos y sociales para ayudarlas, se necesita más evidencia sobre adaptaciones que respondan a los factores culturales e interpersonales propios de las mujeres Latinas víctimas de IPV. La Psicoterapia Analítica Funcional (FAP) propone que las relaciones terapéuticas basadas en la intimidad pueden ayudarlas a identificar características de relaciones que brindan ayuda cuando ellas la necesitan. En este artículo teórico se describen diferentes estrategias basadas en FAP con el fin de que los terapeutas que trabajan con Latinas víctimas de IPV puedan ayudarlas. Palabras clave: Violencia de pareja, Psicoterapia Analítica Funcional, Latinas, Prácticas culturales, Efectividad interpersonal. Interpersonal partner violence (IPV) is a worldwide public health problem. As a result of IPV, victims report high rates of physical and behavioral disabilities. Help-seeking behaviors are key to obtaining support on facing and managing IPV. Cultural practices such as machismo, marianismo, and familismo are related to keeping quiet and remaining in an abusive relationship in Latinas. Difficulties in sharing emotions, setting interpersonal boundaries, and communicating needs are also behavioral barriers to seeking help in this population. All these factors are associated with social disconnection which reduces victims’ chances of obtaining support in risky situations. Although several programs have been developed for helping victims of IPV, more evidence on adaptions to particular cultural and interpersonal struggles faced by Latinas’ victims is needed. Functional Analytic Psychotherapy (FAP) proposes that therapeutic relationships based on intimacy can help victims of IPV to identify characteristics of those relationships that provide help when they need it. In this theoretical article, several FAP-based strategies aid therapists working with Latinas’ victims of IPV in strengthening clients’ interpersonal functioning and defeating cultural barriers when seeking help. Key words: Interpersonal partner violence, Functional Analytic Psychotherapy, Latinas, Cultural practices, Interpersonal effectiveness. Received: 12 septiembre 2021 - Accepted: 10 diciembre 2021 Correspondence: Renzo Aguilar-Cacho. Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Perú. Instituto Peruano de Psicología y Ciencia Contextual -VALUES. Jirón Los Conquistadores cuadra 3. Urbanización Las Lomas de La Molina. 15024 Lima. Peru. E-mail: renzoaguilar84@gmail.com Papeles del Psicólogo / Psychologist Papers, 2022 Vol. 43(1), pp. 74-80 https://doi.org/10.23923/pap.psicol.2980 http://www.papelesdelpsicologo.es http://www.psychologistpapers.com I